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  1. 9621
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    Lifecycle Cost Analysis of Prefabricated Composite and Masonry Buildings: Comparative Study

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    Lifecycle cost analysis (LCCA) is a tool to assess the costs associated with each phase of the building lifecycle. This study evaluated the lifecycle cost (LCC) of a prefabricated fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) building in comparison with a masonry one. The four lifecycle phases of construction, operation, maintenance, and demolition were taken into consideration, and buildings in the American cities of El Paso, Los Angeles, and San Francisco were analyzed. First, the contribution of different building components to construction cost was defined. Consequently, the operation costs to supply cooling and heating-energy demands and lighting and home appliances were calculated. After determining the maintenance and demolition costs, the total LCC of both building types were compared through net present value (NPV). Finally, sensitivity analyses were carried out to assess the impact of influential parameters. The results highlight the significance of construction cost for both structures and the higher maintenance and lower demolition costs of the prefabricated building. Moreover, the prefabricated building was found to have higher cooling costs despite its lower U-value. The prefabricated building had a higher total LCC in all locations. The results also demonstrate the importance of location by indicating substantial variations in construction, maintenance, and demolition costs among the studied cities. Furthermore, the prefabricated building was found to have lower operating costs in Los Angeles and San Francisco but higher costs in El Paso. The sensitivity analyses show significant impacts of the discount rate and lifetime, moderate influence of the inflation rates of maintenance and demolition costs, and limited impact of the inflation rate of electricity cost.
    journal article Portugal Restricted access
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  2. 9622
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    Eating behaviour of children with failure to thrive: characterization and family correlates

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    journal article Portugal Open access
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  3. 9623
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    Association between free water reserve and handgrips strength in older adults

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    conference object Portugal Restricted access
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  4. 9624
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    Das ruínas de São Paulo à ideia de Quinto Império

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    The open blue sky with which the images of the facade of São Paulo areso often presented to us may well symbolize another future, another Orient,another Utopia.
    book Portugal Open access
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  5. 9625
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    Que peut représenter une base de connaissance en Littérature Comparée? Réflexion en cours

    Publication
    Na sua missão de ensino e de investigação, que se quer articulados, a Universidade atual está a adaptar-se aos desafios da sociedade de informação, à sua lógica de conhecimento em rede e de partilha livre apoiados nas tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC), como foi descrito por Manuel Castells nos anos 90, na sua célebre trilogia sobre A Era da informação: Economia, Sociedade e Cultura. Esse processo de abertura às potencialidades do digital afigura-se longo no que às Humanidades Digitais diz respeito, e mais concretamente aos estudos literários, dado o seu trabalho fundamental de interpretação e de reflexão (auto)crítico dos meios e dos fins, obrigando, pois, a empreender toda uma adaptação recíproca dos quadros conceptuais, dos métodos e dos ritmos da produção, bem como da partilha do conhecimento. É nesse contexto que me proponho refletir acerca das caraterísticas do que se poderá designar por base de conhecimento em literatura comparada, recorrendo ao exemplo do que está a ser tentado no Instituto de Literatura Comparada Margarida Losa (ILC - UP), ao nível dos cruzamentos entre investigação, comunicação e universo digital.
    book Portugal Open access
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  6. 9626
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    A madeira em contextos funerários tardios: as evidências de recurso a um material perecível

    Publication
    The archaeological study of the funerary world implies an integrated approach to the spaces and topographies of death, as well as to the materialities therein sedimented. Within the framework of these materialities, wood occupies a recurrently intangible place, because of its perishable character and the fact that its long-term preservation is only possible in very specifi c environments or as a result of the implementation of a strict range of processes. Nevertheless, the use of this biological material was intense, especially in periods that favored the ritual incineration of the deceased, such as in the early centuries of the Roman Empire. By contrast, from the 3rd century and, more clearly, from the 4th, the growing adherence to inhumation generated deep transformations in the funerary landscape. In this context, the ways in which wood was used also changed, and its central role as fuel was relegated to a secondary plan. The archaeological record refl ects this change, with the testimonies correlated with Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages becoming progressively scarcer. Even so, it is possible to list a set of direct and indirect remains, which show the persistence of the use of wood in funerary environments, although under new forms, namely as a protective structure, transportation device, or fi nal receptacle of the body. These remains form the focus of the present text, which does not intend to be an exhaustive listing of documented occurrences, but rather an overview of a reality that is barely touched upon, although full of interpretative possibilities concerning burial practices and strategies.
    book Portugal Open access
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  7. 9627
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    Trabalho laboratorial e didáctica da Geologia: potencialidades e limitações. Modelação de fenómenos de dinâmica sedimentar

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    journal article Portugal Open access
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  8. 9628
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    Hydro- and Morphodynamic Impacts of Sea Level Rise: The Minho Estuary Case Study

    Publication
    The understanding and anticipating of climate change impacts is one of the greatest challenges for humanity. It is already known that, until the end of the 21st century, the mean sea level (MSL) will rise at a global scale, but its effects at the local scale need to be further analyzed. In this context, a numerical modelling tool and a methodological approach for the river Minho estuary (NW of the Iberian Peninsula) are presented, to predict possible consequences of local MSL rise, considering the greenhouse emission scenarios RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. Hydrodynamic and morphodynamic impacts were analyzed considering several driving factors, such as tides, sea level rise, storm surge, wave set-up, and different river flood peak discharges, taking into account their probabilities of occurrence. The model was calibrated using in-situ data and a data assimilation tool, the OpenDA, which automates this process, allowing to reach reliable results in a considerably short time when compared with traditional techniques. The results forecast that the predicted MSL rise will reduce the flow velocity magnitude and the sediment transport into the coastal platform but will aggravate the inundation risks along the estuarine banks. In the worst scenario (RCP 8.5) the water level near the river mouth of the estuary is expected to rise 0.20 m for 50 years return period ocean water rising, and 0.60 m for 100 years return period. It was also possible to identify that floods are the most important driver for the sediment transport along the estuary, while the tide effect in the morphodynamics is restricted to the downstream estuarine region. This work demonstrated the importance of the numerical modelling tools to better understand the effects of climate change at local scales through the representation of the estuarine hydrodynamic pattern evolution for future climate scenarios.
    journal article Portugal Open access
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  9. 9629
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    A literatura como representação de possibilidades

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    book Portugal Restricted access
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  10. 9630
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    Republican Affordable Housing: Art, Hygiene, and Modern Architecture in Portugal

    Publication
    Right through the history of social housing in Portugal, a first cycle can be circumscribed that closes in the 1930s. Here the degree of intervention of the central administration for the resolution of the decent housing deficit had been previously discussed and simultaneously the construction of a diverse set of solutions which functioned as models to test against slums. On the one hand, the so-called "casa barata" (cheap house) began to be seen as an important political instrument in the struggle for power and social control; on the other hand, it continued to be understood as desirable real estate integrated in the complex fabric of economic interests woven into urban housing production. Although the operations conducted in this period and dominated by the First Republic were episodic and insignificant compared to the country's housing needs, some continue to have historical relevance as test balloons in the positivist laboratory that was the universe of republicanism.1 Some neighbourhoods were authentic condensers of the complex debate inherited from the eighteenth century, which, based on scientism, sought in this way the orderly and progressive reform of society2 in order to, among other issues, solve the so-called social question in which the problem of working-class housing was included.3 Confronted with the overwhelming rhythms of social and technical-scientific progress of the first decades, affordable housing was to be one of the most sensitive architectural programmes in the synthesis between tradition, history and modernity. In the disciplinary field of architecture, in many cases the economic, social and cultural valuation of the new dwelling and its particular technical and formal constraints redirected the modus operandi and the professional interest of the architect onto other themes hitherto adjacent to the central problem of style. In this transformational process of the architectural field, one of the aspects that must be mentioned concerns the regulation and normalization imposed by the hygienist rationality, putting the binomial art and science at stake. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to contribute to a reading of some pre-1933 economic districts centred on the international effect of hygiene considered as scientific knowledge and, also, a programme of values. In particular, in the light of a more precise explanation of modern breathing in the late 1920s, the document is structured in two parts, comprising, respectively, the definition of control measures imposed on house design , and use of a formal, clearly purified and diaphanous lexicon, determined by the triangulation between art, economy and hygiene.
    book Portugal Open access
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  11. 9631
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    Developmental motor problems and health-related quality of life in 5-year-old children born extremely preterm: A European cohort study

    Publication
    Aim To measure the association between cerebral palsy (CP) and non-CP-related movement difficulties and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among 5-year-old children born extremely preterm (<28 weeks gestational age). Method We included 5-year-old children from a multi-country, population-based cohort of children born extremely preterm in 2011 to 2012 in 11 European countries (n = 1021). Children without CP were classified using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition as having significant movement difficulties (<= 5th centile of standardized norms) or being at risk of movement difficulties (6th-15th centile). Parents reported on a clinical CP diagnosis and HRQoL using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. Associations were assessed using linear and quantile regressions. Results Compared to children without movement difficulties, children at risk of movement difficulties, with significant movement difficulties, and CP had lower adjusted HRQoL total scores (beta [95% confidence interval] = -5.0 [-7.7 to -2.3], -9.1 [-12.0 to -6.1], and - 26.1 [-31.0 to -21.2]). Quantile regression analyses showed similar decreases in HRQoL for all children with CP, whereas for children with non-CP-related movement difficulties, reductions in HRQoL were more pronounced at lower centiles. Interpretation CP and non-CP-related movement difficulties were associated with lower HRQoL, even for children with less severe difficulties. Heterogeneous associations for non-CP-related movement difficulties raise questions for research about mitigating and protective factors.
    journal article Portugal Open access
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  12. 9632
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    Uma carta do Condestável Dom Pedro sobre a política marroquina de D. Afonso V

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    journal article Portugal Open access
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  13. 9633
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    Criar, gerir e representar territórios urbanos: as plantas portuguesas da segunda metade de Quinhentos

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    conference object Portugal Restricted access
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  14. 9634
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    O Alcoolismo

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    bachelor thesis Portugal Open access
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  15. 9635
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    Profiling of lung microbiota discloses differences in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma

    Publication
    The lung is a complex ecosystem of host cells and microbes often disrupted in pathological conditions. Although bacteria have been hypothesized as agents of carcinogenesis, little is known about microbiota profile of the most prevalent cancer subtypes: adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). To characterize lung cancer (LC) microbiota a first a screening was performed through a pooled sequencing approach of 16S ribosomal RNA gene (V3-V6) using a total of 103 bronchoalveaolar lavage fluid samples. Then, identified taxa were used to inspect 1009 cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas and to annotate tumor unmapped RNAseq reads. Microbial diversity was analyzed per cancer subtype, history of cigarette smoking and airflow obstruction, among other clinical data. We show that LC microbiota is enriched in Proteobacteria and more diverse in SCC than ADC, particularly in males and heavier smokers. High frequencies of Proteobacteria were found to discriminate a major cluster, further subdivided into well-defined communities’ associated with either ADC or SCC. Here, a SCC subcluster differing from other cases by a worse survival was correlated with several Enterobacteriaceae. Overall, this study provides first evidence for a correlation between lung microbiota and cancer subtype and for its influence on patient life expectancy.
    journal article Portugal Open access
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  16. 9636
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    Prolegómenos sobre o processo de transformação capitalista da actividade educativa nos níveis básico e secundário de escolaridade

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    journal article Portugal Restricted access
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  17. 9637
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    Desvio padrão: os outros de que não se fala

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    book Portugal Open access
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  18. 9638
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    Evaluation of four gamma-based methods for calculating confidence intervals for age-adjusted mortality rates when data are sparse

    Publication
    Background Equal-tailed confidence intervals that maintain nominal coverage (0.95 or greater probability that a 95% confidence interval covers the true value) are useful in interval-based statistical reliability standards, because they remain conservative. For age-adjusted death rates, while the Fay–Feuer gamma method remains the gold standard, modifications have been proposed to streamline implementation and/or obtain more efficient intervals (shorter intervals that retain nominal coverage). Methods This paper evaluates three such modifications for use in interval-based statistical reliability standards, the Anderson–Rosenberg, Tiwari, and Fay–Kim intervals, when data are sparse and sample size-based standards alone are overly coarse. Initial simulations were anchored around small populations (P = 2400 or 1200), the median crude all-cause US mortality rate in 2010–2019 (833.8 per 100,000), and the corresponding age-specific probabilities of death. To allow for greater variation in the age-adjustment weights and age-specific probabilities, a second set of simulations draws those at random, while holding the mean number of deaths at 20 or 10. Finally, county-level mortality data by race/ethnicity from four causes are selected to capture even greater variation: all causes, external causes, congenital malformations, and Alzheimer disease. Results The three modifications had comparable performance when the number of deaths was large relative to the denominator and the age distribution was as in the standard population. However, for sparse county-level data by race/ethnicity for rarer causes of death, and for which the age distribution differed sharply from the standard population, coverage probability in all but the Fay–Feuer method sometimes fell below 0.95. More efficient intervals than the Fay–Feuer interval were identified under specific circumstances. When the coefficient of variation of the age-adjustment weights was below 0.5, the Anderson–Rosenberg and Tiwari intervals appeared to be more efficient, whereas when it was above 0.5, the Fay–Kim interval appeared to be more efficient. Conclusions As national and international agencies reassess prevailing data presentation standards to release age-adjusted estimates for smaller areas or population subgroups than previously presented, the Fay–Feuer interval can be used to develop interval-based statistical reliability standards with appropriate thresholds that are generally applicable. For data that meet certain statistical conditions, more efficient intervals could be considered.
    journal article Portugal Open access
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  19. 9639
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    Association between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Graves' Disease: A review

    Publication
    Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Graves' Disease are two main diseases in Endocrinology presenting both a considerable level of morbidity. The literature strongly suggests that these two conditions are commonly found in the same patient. This is partially explained by the fact that an autoimmune disease is a risk factor to the appearance of another one. However, the current literature shows several potential different specific mechanisms that may trigger the development of Graves' Disease on a patient with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and vice-versa. Accordingly, in this review, we will summarize the current evidence on these specific mechanisms, as well as the state of the art on this topic.
    master thesis Portugal Restricted access
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  20. 9640
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    Melhoria da eficiência de fluxo através do planeamento de produção na indústria de espuma de poliuretano

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    master thesis Portugal Open access
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